Slang is the use of
informal words and expressions that are not considered
standard in the speaker's language or dialect but are considered acceptable in
certain social settings. Slang expressions may act as euphemisms and may be used as a means of
identifying with one's peers.
Defining slang
Few linguists have endeavored to clearly define what
constitutes slang. Attempting to remedy this, Bethany K. Dumas
and Jonathan Lighter argue that an expression should be considered "true
slang" if it meets at least two of the following criteria:
·
It lowers, if temporarily, "the dignity of formal or serious
speech or writing"; in other words, it is likely to be considered in those
contexts a "glaring misuse of register"
·
Its use implies that the user is familiar with whatever is
referred to, or with a group of people who are familiar with it and use the term.
·
"It's a taboo term in ordinary discourse with people of a
higher social status or greater responsibility. "
·
It replaces "a well-known conventional synonym". This is
done primarily to avoid discomfort caused by conventional phrases or by further
elaboration.
Slang is different from jargon which
is the technical vocabulary of a particular profession, and which meets only
the second of the criteria given above. Jargon, like many examples of slang,
may be used to exclude non–group members from the conversation, but in general
has the function of allowing its users to talk precisely about technical issues
in any given field
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